Difference between revisions of "Supply Chain RFID Applications"

Latest revision as of 14:57, 15 November 2010

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is a growing area of innovation as Wal-Mart and other retailers make a big push to "tag" items on their shelves for easier inventory management and tracking.

This patent landscape covers the patenting activity with respect to the use of RFID in the supply chain in various industries. The patents reviewed are organized by timeline, companies, industries, and applications. The patents are organized by claims, applications, and a detailed SWOT (Strength-Weakness-Opportunity-Threat) analysis is also provided.

Rationale

“A billion people will interact with a million e-businesses via a trillion intelligent interconnected devices” - Louis V Gerstner
Technological developments in RFID are taking place rapidly - Source
Innovation is occurring in the RFID market, but it is diffused and application-specific - Paul Faber
RFID has been spawning a lot of innovation. One of the newest is Jewel (disposable RF-enabled tickets) - Source
Scientists are developing a system that combines RFID tags and high-definition CCTV cameras to track passenger movements in busy airports
Wal-Mart Doubling RFID-Enabled Stores - Source
Oracle and Intel join forces for RFID push - Allyson Fryhoff, vice president of Oracle
Oracle boosts supply chain management tool - Don Klaiss, Oracle
U.S. FDA to reduce the counterfeiting of prescription drugs - Source
Ignorance putting RFID rollouts at risk - ABI Research
Cash under threat from RFID payments - ABI Research
“It’s inappropriate to use RFID technology for tracking and authenticating identities of people” - Pattinson
CDT Working Group on RFID: Privacy Best Practices for Deployment of RFID Technology - Center For Democracy & Technology

RFID - Market Potential

Estimated value share of RFID market in 2010, by region

The global forecast of RFID hardware, middleware and IT market

The RFID market is anticipated to continue to grow rapidly in these and many other market sectors and industries including the food and drug industry, propelled by United States FDA mandates. The technical issues that have made standardization more challenging are heading toward resolution with the emergence of the second-generation of UHF RFID
Retail RFID is estimated currently at just under 27% of the overall RFID market and supply chain management (SCM) applications, when considered as separate from warehouse and distribution and transportation, represents just over 15% of the overall RFID market. These distributions will undoubtedly change rapidly and should be reconsidered at regular time intervals as the RFID technology and established and emerging markets mature (Source - BCC Research)

Patent - Quantitative Analysis

IP landscape over years

According to the search data, IP activity in RFID based supply chain applications seems to have started during the year 1991
The graph shows terrific growth from 2000 onwards and high activity during 2004 with 140 patents alone
Around 423 patents have been published in a span of 4.2 years from 2000 till date (Feb. 2005) indicating the potential in the field

IP landscape over years: Growth in RFID base supply chain applications

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IP landscape by region

IP landscape of RFID based supply chain - Based on selected 30 records

The graph reveals that the growth in RFID based supply chain applications patenting has been across all the regions. United States is more active than Europe, Japan and Australia

IP landscape by region: RFID base supply chain

Competitor landscape

Top players

Competitor Analysis

Growth in RFID based supply chain - The present graph and interpretation is based on selected 30 records

The graph indicates SAP as leading and consistent player with 3 patent records
EXAGO seems to be the new entrant in 2005
It is interesting to note that the competitors in 2004 have not shown any activity in the beginning of 2005

Competitor landscape - Growth in RFID base supply chain

Technology trend

Technology Trend (Main IPC) - Based on selected 30 records

Technology Trend (Main IPC)

The above graph indicates technology focus by various assignees

G06F - Computing, calculating, counting - Electric Digital Data Processing
G08B - Signaling - Signaling Or Calling Systems; Order Telegraphs; Alarm Systems
H04Q - Electric Communication Technique – Selecting (Switches, relays etc.)

IPC code and Description table

Technology landscape (Main IPC)

The present graph and interpretation is based on selected 30 records

It is evident from graph that G06F (Electric Digital Data Processing) technology is widely used in RFID based supply chain applications showing continuous progress throughout
The progress indicates key technology area targeted by many players and having market potential
Followed by G08B (Signaling), H04Q (Electric Communication Technique ) and G06K (Recognition of data; Presentation of data; Record carriers; Handling record carriers)

Technology landscape (Main IPC) - Growth in RFID base supply chain

Technology landscape – Assignee wise

According to the present data, most of the leading players have focused on building sound: Administration, commerce, management, supervision and forecasting (electronic cash registers other than digital data processing) aspects for RFID-based supply chain applications

Technology landscape – Assignee wise

Qualitative Analysis

Classification of patents based on main claims

The following graph indicates various subjects that have been covered by various assignees in the area of RFID based supply chain applications. The various subjects are the result of SAO analysis. More granularity on subjects is presented in the table below and clusters

Classification of patents based on main claims

SAO analysis clustering

Subject	Action	Object
	* Delivering * Monitoring (3) * Processing * Detecting (2) & tracking (6) * Displaying information * Computing the orientation and position of a wearer * Unattended distribution or retrieval of returned * Return of a return * Retrieving ordered (2) * Receiving * Wirelessly exchanging * Enabling enhanced * Facilitating an interaction * Distributing (3) * Collecting * Entering event data common to a group of individual animals	* Between a consignor and a consignee * Container * inanimate and animate objects * Items (2) * Data acquisition and display device * Calibrating a fixed camera * Assets (2) * Unattended facilities * Item to an unattended facility * Items that have been delivered to an unattended facility * Environmental condition associated with an item of inventory * Shipment record from the intelligent asset management and sensing device * Information * Asset management and tracking capabilities * Between a user and a product item * Products from a micro-warehouse * Products from an access restricted area * Products from a restricted access area having an entry point * Number of mail units (2) * Livestock information (2) * Database
	* Detecting & tracking (5) * Processing(2) * Unattended distribution or retrieval of returned * Inventory management * Monitoring (2) * Networking * Enabling enhanced * Facilitating an interaction * Distributing (3)	* Inanimate and animate objects * Item (6) * Time * Environmental condition * Unattended facilities * Sensing device * Asset management and tracking * Container * Number of mail units * Articles through customs

Note: Number in ( ) indicates occurrence in more that one patent or main claims

Problem vs Solutions

Prior art Problems	Solutions	Patent number
1. A central system has limited visibility of containers in the global supply chain 2. Drawback of the central system is the delay in alerts concerning the container 3. Typical central systems have difficulty in collecting reliable information across heterogeneous systems	A decentralized state system comprising containers to automatically provide continuous and uniform monitoring of a container state is needed. A container should be robustly configured with localized logic capable of determining a state in response to real-time events experienced by the container relative to dynamic and static event information concerning expected events State determinations made through local information are more reliable to typical prior art systems that use central systems to make inferences about the security state	US20040246130
1. A major disadvantage of all transponder based tag designs is the special anti-collision method used 2. A short range reader must be used to individually address each tag within the larger field 3. A second major disadvantage is that to obtain long ranges (100-1,000 feet), higher frequencies are required and these lead to high power consumption	1. & 2. By using lower frequencies (not exceeding 1 MHz and typically under 300 KHz) and a base station design that uses large loop antennas (such as 10.times.10 feet to 500.times.500 feet) and by transmitting a digital ID to selectively activate a selected client tag, rather than a non-selective signal which would activate many tags simultaneously 3. Networked RF Tags (NRF Tags) have significantly reduced power consumption and long range (1000 sq feet to 10,000 sq feet per antenna), have the power capacity to add displays (e.g. LCD) and light emitting diodes (LED’s) and detectors and buttons so they may become fully interactive "tag clients" (this is not possible with transponder)	US20040201454
1. One drawback of these systems is that they require the goods to be passed through designated gateway areas, typically causing great inconvenience 2. Another drawback is that it is not possible to track the location of the goods within the warehouse	1. Each ID tag is coupled to an asset and is configured to wirelessly communicate with other ID tags in the network within a predetermined proximity 2. Each tag is also configured to relay communications from other ID tags so that a communication path is established between the RMS and any ID tag in the network, either directly or via other ID tags	US20040174260

Features cited in analyzed 15 patent records

1. The container can be reprogrammed to include updated logic, updated states, and/or updated expected event information (US20040246130)

2. The system comprises a truck server and an optional in-truck data communications means, which comprise a digital cell phone or satellite link (US20040201454)

3. A local computer communicates with the see-through display, information gathering devices and orientation sensors, optical tracking system and business applications over one or more networks (US20040182925)

4. OmniTRACS.RTM., which is a two-way satellite communication system that allows trucks to be monitored and tracked and to allow data communication with dispatchers (US20040174260)

5. The data report from the reporting software can alert the user as to when the detrimental event occurred and identify the custodian who caused the detrimental event (US20040049428)

6. Web-based information system for a beef marketing alliance; value-based procurement and supply chain management (US20020158765)

7. The software contains a component for determining the best time for an animal to go to slaughter based on a target weight (US20020158765)

RFID - Main Applications

Applications which appeared in analyzed patent records have been mapped

The product moves through the global supply chain which involves various stages (places and processes). The table below indicates the details about the various stages involved in supply chain applications, software applications and hardware used.

Main applications of RFID: Analysis

	LOGISTICS CHAIN MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN FOOD AND PHARMA INDUSTRY.
Place of events	Process involved	Type of S/W & Hardware
1. Airlines and shipping companies 2. Ancillary Suppliers, 3. Cargo Community Networks [CCN] which are made up of some of the other participants, 4. Customs and Quarantine authorities, 5. Freight forwarders, 6. Fresh produce exporters, 7. Fresh produce importers, 8. Government agencies such as freight export information providers, 9. Packer/cool store, 10. Transporters including road haulers and carriers in the importing country.	1. Consignment 2. Supplier 3. Transport and 4. Storage	1. Central database 2. A communication secured network 3. Internet with three interactive databases. 4. Database and applications (data in a range of formats (maxima, minima, averages, graphical etc) 5. Passive tag - RW

	GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN OF SEMICONDUCTORS.
Place of events	Process involved	Type of S/W & Hardware
1. International suppliers 2. Airport 3. Customs agency 4. Distributors 5. Shipping dock 6. Manufacturers	1. Transport 2. Inventory 3. Shipping 4. Origin of port 5. Transshipment port 6. Destination port and 7. A consignee	1. Program instructions can be in any appropriate form, such as source code, object code, or scripting code. 2. Computing device: Enterprise servers, Application servers, point of sale terminal etc.. 3. Passive tag - RW

	SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT OF HIGH-VALUE ELECTRONIC ITEMS & PHARMACEUTICALS.
Place of events	Process involved	Type of S/W & Hardware
1. Warehouse 2. Truck 3. Freight container 4. Sea vessel 5. Distribution center	1. Shipping 2. Recipient	1. Central data processor is operable for communication with an internet router. 2. Low frequency tag – 300 KHz

	TRACKING SYSTEM
Place of events	Process involved	Type of S/W & Hardware
1. Assembly line 2. Warehouse	1. Package handling 2. Baggage handling 3. Parts assembly 4. Navigation through marked waypoints 5. Item retrieval and packaging 6. Inventory control	1. Business applications (cause sorting and loading instructions to appear on the items so that wearer’s of the data acquisition and display device do not have to read each item’s label.) 2. Passive tag

	SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT.
Place of events	Process involved	Type of S/W & Hardware
1. Storage facility 2. Shipping container 3. Shipping vessel 4. Airport 5. Shipyard 6. Military heavy assets 7. Warehouse 8. Factory	1. Shipping goods 2. Transportation (truck) 3. Retail or wholesale locations 4. Train depot 5. Inventory 6. Delivery 7. Outbound transit 8. Inbound transit 9. Advanced shipping notification	1. Firmware and software to modulate and demodulate the data for the particular protocol 2. Various communication algorithms and command response algorithms 3. UPS Supply Chain Solutions 4. Passive tag – RW – Low freq. or 900 MGz

	INVENTORY ALONG A DISTRIBUTION CHAIN
Place of events	Process involved	Type of S/W & Hardware
1. Distribution 2. Storing 3. Manufacturer (warehouse)	1. Inventory 2. Monitoring 3. Transportation 4. Tracking 5. Retailer or consumer 6. Wholesaler	1. Anti-collision software 2. Program for correlating the environmental condition data with the location data. 3. The data reporting medium is a computer display, a LAN, or a web page. 4. Active or passive tag- RW

	ASSET AND MATERIALS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.
Place of events	Process involved	Type of S/W & Hardware
1. Lay down yard 2. Warehouse 3. Asset storage	1. Inventory 2. Shipping 3. Asset management 4. Tracking asset material a. Material identification information b. Description of the material c. Purchasing details d. Storage and maintenance details e. Material location and f. Destination information. 5. Receiving	1. Software applications (Web application" TagDetect") files may be in HTML format, XML or other formats. 2. Software applications supporting a client-server system or n-tiered computer system. 3. Internet and Central data repository 4. Active or passive tag - RW

	POINT-OF-SALE AND POINT-OF-DELIVERY AND/OR DISTRIBUTION.
Place of events	Process involved	Type of S/W & Hardware
1. Distribution 2. Micro-warehouse 3. Manufacturing 4. Marketing 5. Customer relation management	1. Point of sale 2. Delivery 3. Inventory 4. Billing	1. MW (Micro-warehouse) enterprise application 2. XML middleware such as Biz Talk.RTM. software. 3. ERP system, web ordering system 4. Passive tag – RW - freq. - 2.45 GHz

	REUSABLE TRANSPORTATION MEANS.
Place of events	Process involved	Type of S/W & Hardware
1. Distribution	1. Tracking: a. Receptacle or b. Container or c. Packing or d. Pallet or e. Trolley car. 2. Wholesale distributor 3. Chain sales store	1. No Software application 2. Passive tag - RW

	MATERIALS HANDLING
Place of events	Process involved	Type of S/W & Hardware
1. Express mail 2. Storage	1. Transport 2. Tracking 3. Delivery	Software modules may include: 1. A database module configured to store data on the storage medium. 2. A decision module configured to determine the presence or absence of stale mail based on information provided by the database module.3. 3. Passive or active tag – read only

	COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISE (PERSONNEL AND ASSET RETENTION SYSTEM (PARS))
Place of events	Process involved	Type of S/W & Hardware
1. Industrial sites 2. Power plants 3. Refineries and 4. Ports of entry	1. Tracking 2. Monitoring 3. Inventory 4. Security	1. Company databases are: a. Material management systems b. Procurement systems and c. Time and attendance systems. 2. Applications programming 3. Information access through standard formats such as XML and HTML. 4. Passive tag - RW

	TRACKING CARGO THROUGH CUSTOMS.
Place of events	Process involved	Type of S/W & Hardware
1. Airlines 2. Distributor	1. Shipping 2. Receiving 3. Tracking	1. Central server runs a program which acts as a central host for processing the information communicated between the different computers. 2. Passive tag - RW

	SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT IN BEEF INDUSTRY.
Place of events	Process involved	Type of S/W & Hardware
1. Factory	1. Identifying 2. Tracking 3. Monitoring 4. Livestock production and processing cycle 5. Inventory	1. BeefLink.TM. Software (is a collection of components written primarily in VISUAL BASIC® 6.0 programming language and ACTIVE X® programming methodologies.) 2. Inventory-type report can easily be generated. 3. MicroSoft Excel 4.Passive tag- read only

Sample Landscape View - RFID Warehouse Application

Sample Landscape View - RFID Application - Company XYZ

SWOT analysis

STRENGTHS Advanced technology Easy to use High memory capacity Small size	WEAKNESSES Lack of industry and application standards High cost per unit and high RFID system costs Weak market understanding of the benefits of RFID technology
OPPORTUNITIES Could replace the bar code End-user demand for RFID systems is increasing Huge market potential in many businesses Need for standardization	THREATS Ethical threats concerning private life Highly fragmented competitive environment

Conclusion

It has been observed that selection of RFID tag depends upon the frequency desirable in supply chain application. Industrial focus is on passive RFID technology. The integration of software technology with electronic identification system will definitely give new dimensions to the supply chain management

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Difference between revisions of "Supply Chain RFID Applications"

Latest revision as of 14:57, 15 November 2010

Contents

Rationale

RFID - Market Potential

Patent - Quantitative Analysis

IP landscape over years

Like this report?

IP landscape by region

Competitor landscape

Top players

Competitor Analysis

Technology trend

Technology landscape (Main IPC)

Technology landscape – Assignee wise

Qualitative Analysis

Classification of patents based on main claims

SAO analysis clustering

Problem vs Solutions

Features cited in analyzed 15 patent records

RFID - Main Applications

Main applications of RFID: Analysis

Sample Landscape View - RFID Warehouse Application

Sample Landscape View - RFID Application - Company XYZ

SWOT analysis

Conclusion

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-== Executive Summary ==
+Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is a growing area of innovation as Wal-Mart and other retailers make a big push to "tag" items on their shelves for easier inventory management and tracking.
-IP activity in the area of RFID-based supply chain applications seems to have started in 1991, and peaked in 2004. Most of the action in the integration of electronic identification system (RFID) with software system in supply chain applications has taken place in the last ten years or so.
-Around 423 patents have been published in the span of 4.2 years from 2000 till February 2005. The major market in RFID-based supply chain applications appears to be the United States.
+This patent landscape covers the patenting activity with respect to the use of RFID in the supply chain in various industries. The patents reviewed are organized by timeline, companies, industries, and applications. The patents are organized by claims, applications, and a detailed SWOT (Strength-Weakness-Opportunity-Threat) analysis is also provided.
-'''Technology area focus of key players:'''
+== Rationale ==
-* Digital Data Processing
+* “A billion people will interact with a million e-businesses via a trillion intelligent interconnected devices” - Louis V Gerstner
-* Communication Techniques
+* Technological developments in RFID are taking place rapidly - [http://www.rfidconsultation.eu/?id_categoria=29&id_item=214 Source] <br>
-* Computing, calculating, counting
+* Innovation is occurring in the RFID market, but it is diffused and application-specific - [http://loftwares.blogspot.com/ Paul Faber]<br>
-* Recognition of data; Presentation of data
+* RFID has been spawning a lot of innovation. One of the newest is Jewel (disposable RF-enabled tickets) - [http://www.rfidgazette.org/ Source]<br>
-* Signaling Or Calling Systems
+* Scientists are developing a system that combines RFID tags and high-definition CCTV cameras to track passenger movements in busy airports <br>
+* Wal-Mart Doubling RFID-Enabled Stores - [http://www.rfidgazette.org/ Source]<br>
+* Oracle and Intel join forces for RFID push - [http://www.vnunet.com/vnunet/news/2127122/oracle-intel-join-forces-rfid-push Allyson Fryhoff, vice president of Oracle]<br>
+* Oracle boosts supply chain management tool [http://www.vnunet.com/vnunet/news/2125618/oracle-boosts-supply-chain-management-tool - Don Klaiss, Oracle]<br>
+* U.S. FDA to reduce the counterfeiting of prescription drugs - [http://www.rfidjournal.com/article/articleview/801/1/1/ Source]<br>
+* Ignorance putting RFID rollouts at risk - [http://www.vnunet.com/vnunet/news/2126992/ignorance-putting-rfid-rollouts-risk ABI Research]<br>
+* Cash under threat from RFID payments - [http://www.vnunet.com/vnunet/news/2126822/cash-under-threat-rfid-payments ABI Research]<br>
+* “It’s inappropriate to use RFID technology for tracking and authenticating identities of people” - [http://www.gcn.com/online/vol1_no1/40808-1.html Pattinson]<br>
+* CDT Working Group on RFID: Privacy Best Practices for Deployment of RFID Technology - [http://www.cdt.org/privacy/20060501rfid-best-practices.php Center For Democracy & Technology]<br>
-'''Some of the key players identified are:'''
+----
-* United Parcel Service
-* G.E.
-* Silverbrook
-* Micron Technology
-* NCR Corporation
-* SAP AG
-* Savi tech.
-'''Various software applications cited in patents:'''
+== RFID - Market Potential ==
-* Business applications
+* Estimated value share of RFID market in 2010, by region
-* UPS Supply Chain Solutions
+[[Image:Market1.jpg|thumb|center|400px|]]
-* Anti-collision software
-* Program for correlating the environmental condition data with the location data.
-* Software applications (Web application" TagDetect")
-* Software applications supporting a client-server system or n-tiered computer system.
-* MW (Micro-warehouse) enterprise application
-* XML middleware such as Biz Talk software
-* ERP system, web ordering system
-* BeefLink Software
-* Source code, object code, or scripting code.
-'''Key applications area identified:'''
+* The global forecast of RFID hardware, middleware and IT market
-* Food and pharma industry
+[[Image:Market2.jpg|thumb|center|400px|]]
-* Semiconductors and High-value electronic items
-* Asset and materials management system
-* Commercial enterprise
-* Beef industry
-* Airport and shipyard
-'''Key RFID Tracking applications:'''
-* Assets
-* Equipment
-* Materials
-* Orders
-* Personnel
-* Processes
-* Products
-* Production
-* Quality
-* Resources
-===Mind Map===
+* The RFID market is anticipated to continue to grow rapidly in these and many other market sectors and industries including the food and drug industry, propelled by United States FDA mandates. The technical issues that have made standardization more challenging are heading toward resolution with the emergence of the second-generation of UHF RFID <br>
-====RFID Warehouse Application====
+* Retail RFID is estimated currently at just under 27% of the overall RFID market and supply chain management (SCM) applications, when considered as separate from warehouse and distribution and transportation, represents just over 15% of the overall RFID market. These distributions will undoubtedly change rapidly and should be reconsidered at regular time intervals as the RFID technology and established and emerging markets mature (Source - BCC Research)
-[[Image:RFID-Warehouse_Application1.jpeg|thumb|center|800px]]
-====RFID Application - SAP====
-[[Image:SAP-RFID_Application2.jpeg|thumb|center|800px]]
-==Project Report on RFID-Based Supply Chain Applications==
+==Patent - Quantitative Analysis==
-<font size = "2"><b>Content</b></font>
+===IP landscape over years===
-Executive summary
+* According to the search data, IP activity in RFID based supply chain applications seems to have started during the year 1991 <br>
+* The graph shows terrific growth from 2000 onwards and high activity during 2004 with 140 patents  alone
+* Around 423 patents have been published in a span of 4.2 years from 2000 till date (Feb. 2005) indicating the potential in the field
-Introduction to RFID technology in supply chain
+[[Image:IP_over_year.jpg|thumb|center|500px| IP landscape over years: Growth in RFID base supply chain applications]]
-Search approach and project scope
+----
-Objective
+===<span style="color:#C41E3A">Like this report?</span>===
+<p align="center"> '''This is only a sample report with brief analysis''' <br>
+'''Dolcera can provide a comprehensive report customized to your needs'''</p>
+{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center" "
+|style="background:lightgrey" align = "center"  colspan = "3"|'''[mailto:info@dolcera.com <span style="color:#0047AB">Buy the customized report from Dolcera</span>]'''
+|-
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+|-
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/ip-patent-analytics-services/patent-search/patent-landscapes Patent Landscape Services]
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/research-processes Dolcera Processes]
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/industries Industry Focus]
+|-
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/ip-patent-analytics-services/patent-search/patent-landscapes Patent Search Services]
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/ip-patent-analytics-services/alerts-and-updates Patent Alerting Services]
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/tools Dolcera Tools]
+|-
+|}
+<br>
+===IP landscape by region===
-Data interpretation
+IP landscape of RFID based supply chain - Based on selected 30 records
-Search strategy
+* The graph reveals that the growth in RFID based supply chain applications patenting has been across all the regions. United States is more active than Europe, Japan and Australia
-Patent analytics:
+[[Image:IP_by_region.jpg|thumb|center|500px| IP landscape by region: RFID base supply chain]]
-Quantitative Analysis based on selected 30 patent records:
+----
-* IP landscape over years
+===Competitor landscape===
-* IP landscape by region
-* Competitor landscape
-* Technology trend
-Qualitative Analysis based on 15 analyzed patent records:
-* Classification of patents based on main claims
+=== Top players ===
-* SAO analysis clustering
+[[Image:TOP2.jpg|thumb|center|500px| Top players]]
-* Problem Vs Solutions
-* Main applications of RFID
-* Main applications of RFID along with various stages, S/W applications and H/W involved
-* Features cited in analyzed 15 patent records
-* SWOT analysis
-* Conclusion
-<font size = "4">Introduction to RFID technology in supply chain</font>
+----
-The supply chain is a complex multi-stage process which involves everything from the procurement of raw materials used to develop products, and their delivery to customers via warehouses and distribution centers. Supply chains exist in service, manufacturing and retail organizations.
+=== Competitor Analysis ===
+Growth in RFID based supply chain  - The present graph and interpretation is based on selected 30 records
-Although, the complexity of the chain may vary greatly from industry to industry and firm to firm. Supply chain management can be seen as the supervision of information and finances of these materials, as they move through the different processes, by coordinating and integrating the flows within and among the different companies involved.
+* The graph indicates SAP as leading and consistent player with 3 patent records
+* EXAGO seems to be the new entrant in 2005
+* It is interesting to note that the competitors in 2004 have not shown any activity in the beginning of 2005
-The efficiency of the supply chain has a direct impact on the profitability of a company. It is no surprise therefore to find that many large corporate companies have made it a key part of their strategy, and invested heavily in software systems (ERP, WMS...) and IT infrastructure designed to control inventory, track products and manage associated finance.
+[[Image:IP_by_competitor.jpg|thumb|center|500px| Competitor landscape - Growth in RFID base supply chain]]
-RFID will bring a new dimension to supply chain management by providing a more efficient way of being able to identify and track items at the various stages throughout the supply chain. It will allow product data to be captured automatically, and therefore be more quickly available for use by other processes such as ASN, stock management and real time billing.
+----
-'''Search approach and project scope:'''
+===Technology trend===
-The first task was to find the relevant U.S. granted patents, and EP granted patents or published patent applications. This was done for all patents published in years 1975 to 2005. This range of years is more than sufficient; but almost all of the action has taken place in the last ten years or even considerably lesser time in some categories.
+Technology Trend (Main IPC) - Based on selected 30 records
-I identified patents in RFID-base supply chain applications category using a patent search filter. Filter development and testing is
+[[Image:IP_by_technology.jpg|thumb|center|500px| Technology Trend (Main IPC)]]
-usually the most difficult and time-consuming part of a patent analysis, and that was certainly not the case in this research.
-Patent search filters are sometimes relatively simple, but more often complex. Combinations of patent invention art classifications
-and keywords in titles, abstracts and claims were targeted for search. Because I was working with a combination of US and EP documents, I used classifications based on the International Patent Classification (IPC) system.
+The above graph indicates technology focus by various assignees
+* G06F - Computing, calculating, counting - Electric Digital Data Processing<br>
+* G08B - Signaling - Signaling Or Calling Systems; Order Telegraphs; Alarm Systems<br>
+* H04Q - Electric Communication Technique – Selecting (Switches, relays etc.)
+[[IPC code and Description table]]
-Details on the approach of search is given in search strategy. Since the scope of project is limited to test, therefore only 30 patent records were selected for quantitative analysis and 15 for qualitative analysis.
+----
-Most of the indicators could not be project due to insufficient data.
+====Technology landscape (Main IPC)====
-'''Objective:'''
+The present graph and interpretation is based on  selected 30 records
-The aim of this project is to identify IP activity in the area of RFID-Based supply chain applications primarily focused on the application of software in warehouse, distribution, inventory control and also the related applications.
+* It is evident from graph that '''G06F''' (Electric Digital Data Processing) technology is widely used in RFID based supply chain applications showing continuous  progress throughout <br>
+* The progress indicates key technology area targeted by many players and having market potential<br>
+* Followed by '''G08B''' (Signaling), '''H04Q''' (Electric Communication Technique ) and '''G06K''' (Recognition of data; Presentation of data; Record carriers; Handling record carriers)
-'''Data Interpretation:'''
+[[Image:IP_by_technology1.jpg|thumb|center|500px| Technology landscape (Main IPC) -  Growth in RFID base supply chain]]
-Appropriate patent records were selected for analysis. The selection criteria was based on:
+----
-* Type of RFID tags (Active, Passive, Microwave or Chipless)
+====Technology landscape – Assignee wise====
-* Type of receiver (Mobile, Handheld, fixed)
+According to the present data, most of the leading players have focused on building sound: Administration, commerce, management, supervision and forecasting (electronic cash registers other than digital data processing) aspects for RFID-based supply chain applications
-* Tag system (Read-only/WORM (Write once read many times)/Read-Write tags)
+[[Image:IP_by_technology3.jpg|thumb|center|500px| Technology landscape – Assignee wise]]
-* Type of reader (Interrogator)
+----
-* Type Sensor and RFID frequency
+==Qualitative Analysis==
-* Receiver link and software
+===Classification of patents based on main claims===
-* Applications by where the event takes place (Airport, shipyard, factory, warehouse etc.)
+The following graph indicates various subjects that have been covered by various assignees in the area of RFID based supply chain applications. The various subjects are the result of SAO analysis. More granularity on subjects is presented in the table below and clusters
-* Process involved (Shipping, receiving, inventory etc.)
+[[Image:Main_claims.jpg|thumb|center|500px| Classification of patents based on main claims]]
-* Type of software used (Middle ware, applications etc.)
+===SAO analysis clustering===
-'''Search strategy:'''
+{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFFF">'''Subject'''</font>
-Date of search: xyz
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFFF">'''Action'''</font>
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFFF">'''Object'''</font>
-Database used: USPTO, EPO and PatFam
-Keywords used for searching are listed below:
-{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="92%"
-|'''Device term'''
-|'''Action term'''
-|'''Application term'''
-|'''Other important terms'''
 |-
-|RFID
+|[[Image:method.jpg|130px]]
-|Data Track<nowiki>*</nowiki>
+|<font size="1">* Delivering<br>* Monitoring (3)<br>* Processing<br>* Detecting (2) & tracking (6)<br>* Displaying information<br>* Computing the orientation and position of a wearer<br>* Unattended distribution or retrieval of returned<br>* Return of a return<br>* Retrieving ordered (2)<br>* Receiving<br>* Wirelessly exchanging<br>* Enabling enhanced<br>* Facilitating an interaction<br>* Distributing (3)<br>* Collecting<br>* Entering event data common to a group of individual animals<br></font>
-|Supply chain
+|<font size="1">* Between a consignor and a consignee<br>* Container<br>* inanimate and animate objects<br>* Items (2)<br>* Data acquisition and display device<br>* Calibrating a fixed camera<br>* Assets (2)<br>* Unattended facilities<br>* Item to an unattended facility<br>* Items that have been delivered to an unattended facility<br>* Environmental condition associated with an item of inventory<br>* Shipment record from the intelligent asset management and sensing device<br>* Information<br>* Asset management and tracking capabilities<br>* Between a user and a product item<br>* Products from a micro-warehouse<br>* Products from an access restricted area<br>* Products from a restricted access area having an entry point<br>* Number of mail units (2)<br>* Livestock information (2)<br>* Database<br></font>
-|Software
 |-
-|Electronic identification
+|[[Image:system.jpg|130px]]
-|Data Captur<nowiki>*</nowiki>
+|<font size="1">* Detecting & tracking (5)<br>* Processing(2)<br>* Unattended distribution or retrieval of returned<br>* Inventory management<br>* Monitoring (2)<br>* Networking<br>* Enabling enhanced<br>* Facilitating an interaction<br>* Distributing (3)<br></font>
-|Distribution
+|<font size="1">* Inanimate and animate objects<br>* Item (6)<br>* Time<br>* Environmental condition<br>* Unattended facilities<br>* Sensing device<br>* Asset management and tracking<br>* Container<br>* Number of mail units<br>* Articles through customs<br></font>
-|Program
 |-
-|
+|colspan = "3"|[[Image:SAO.jpg|center|800px]]
-|Data Collect<nowiki>*</nowiki>
-|Warehouse
-|Computer
 |-
-|
+|colspan = "3"|'''Note:''' Number in ( ) indicates occurrence in more that one patent or main claims
-|Data Read<nowiki>*</nowiki>
-|Inventory
-|
 |-
 |}
-The total number of patent records on RFID based supply chain applications sourced through search was 212, but only 30 records were selected for analysis. An additional broad search conducted (database: PatFem) to understand the actual IP activity (based on keywords and assignees) as depicted in below tables:
+----
-'''Search based on keywords and relevant hits:'''
+===Problem vs Solutions===
-{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="91%"
+{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
-|S. No
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFFF">'''Prior art Problems'''</font>
-|Key words
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFFF">'''Solutions'''</font>
-|Search scope
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFFF">'''Patent number'''</font>
-|No. of records available
-|-
-|1
-|RFID
-|1975-2005
-|6147
-|-
-|2
-|RFID AND WAREHOUSE
-|1975-2005
-|444
-|-
-|3.
-|RFID and (SUPPLY CHAIN)
-|1975-2005
-|212
 |-
-|4.
+|align = "justify"|<font size="1">'''1.''' A central system has limited visibility of containers in the global supply chain<br>'''2. '''Drawback of the central system is the delay in alerts concerning the container<br>'''3. '''Typical central systems have difficulty in collecting reliable information across heterogeneous systems<br></font>
-|RFID and transportation
+|align = "justify"|<font size="1">A decentralized state system comprising containers to automatically provide continuous and uniform monitoring of a container state is needed. A container should be robustly configured with localized logic capable of determining a state in response to real-time events experienced by the container relative to dynamic and static event information concerning expected events<br>State determinations made through local information are more reliable to typical prior art systems that use central systems to make inferences about the security state</font>
-|1975-2005
+|<font size="1">US20040246130<br></font>
-|573
 |-
-|5.
+|align = "justify"|<font size="1">'''1.''' A major disadvantage of all transponder based tag designs is the special anti-collision method used<br>'''2. '''A short range reader must be used to individually address each tag within the larger field<br>'''3. '''A second major disadvantage is that to obtain long ranges (100-1,000 feet), higher frequencies are required and these lead to high power consumption<br></font>
-|RFID and distribution
+|align = "justify"|<font size="1">'''1. & 2.''' By using lower frequencies (not exceeding 1 MHz and typically under 300 KHz) and a base station design that uses large loop antennas (such as 10.times.10 feet to 500.times.500 feet) and by transmitting a digital ID to selectively activate a selected client tag, rather than a non-selective signal which would activate many tags simultaneously<br>'''3.''' Networked RF Tags (NRF Tags) have significantly reduced power consumption and long range (1000 sq feet to 10,000 sq feet per antenna), have the power capacity to add displays (e.g. LCD) and light emitting diodes (LED<nowiki>’</nowiki>s) and detectors and buttons so they may become fully interactive "tag clients" (this is not possible with transponder)</font>
-|1975-2005
+|<font size="1">US20040201454<br></font>
-|1141
 |-
-|6.
+|align = "justify"|<font size="1">'''1.''' One drawback of these systems is that they require the goods to be passed through designated gateway areas, typically causing great inconvenience<br>'''2. '''Another drawback is that it is not possible to track the location of the goods within the warehouse<br></font>
-|RFID and SOFTWARE
+|align = "justify"|<font size="1">'''1. '''Each ID tag is coupled to an asset and is configured to wirelessly communicate with other ID tags in the network within a predetermined proximity<br>'''2.''' Each tag is also configured to relay communications from other ID tags so that a communication path is established between the RMS and any ID tag in the network, either directly or via other ID tags</font>
-|1975-2005
+|<font size="1">US20040174260<br></font>
-|2301
 |-
 |}
-'''Search based on assignees with relevant hits:'''
+----
-{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="88%"
+===Features cited in analyzed 15 patent records===
-|'''S. No'''
-|'''Assignee'''
+. The container can be reprogrammed to include updated logic, updated states, and/or updated expected event information (US20040246130)
-|'''Search scope'''
-|'''No. of records available'''
+. The system comprises a truck server and an optional in-truck data communications means, which comprise a digital cell phone or satellite link (US20040201454)
+. A local computer communicates with the see-through display, information gathering devices and orientation sensors, optical tracking system and business applications over one or more networks (US20040182925)
+. OmniTRACS.RTM., which is a two-way satellite communication system that allows trucks to be monitored and tracked and to allow data communication with dispatchers (US20040174260)
+. The data report from the reporting software can alert the user as to when the detrimental event occurred and identify the custodian who caused the detrimental event (US20040049428)
+. Web-based information system for a beef marketing alliance; value-based procurement and supply chain management (US20020158765)
+. The software contains a component for determining the best time for an animal to go to slaughter based on a target weight (US20020158765)
+----
+=== RFID - Main Applications===
+Applications which appeared in analyzed patent records have been mapped
+[[Image:Mindmap1.jpg|thumb|center|550px]]
+The product moves through the global supply chain which involves various stages (places and processes). The table below indicates the details about the various stages involved in supply chain applications, software applications and hardware used.
+===Main applications of RFID: Analysis===
+{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+|[[Image:ra1.jpg]]
+|colspan = "2"|LOGISTICS CHAIN MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN FOOD AND PHARMA INDUSTRY.
 |-
-|1
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Place of events'''</font>
-|3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Process involved'''</font>
-|1975-2005
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Type of S/W & Hardware'''</font>
-|146
 |-
-|2
+|'''1.''' Airlines and shipping companies<br>'''2.''' Ancillary Suppliers,<br>'''3. '''Cargo Community Networks <nowiki>[</nowiki>CCN<nowiki>]</nowiki> which are made up of some of the other participants,<br>'''4. '''Customs and Quarantine authorities,<br>'''5. '''Freight forwarders,<br>'''6. '''Fresh produce exporters,<br>'''7. '''Fresh produce importers,<br>'''8. '''Government agencies such as freight export information providers,<br>'''9. '''Packer/cool store,<br>'''10. '''Transporters including road haulers and carriers in the importing country.
-|SENSORMATIC ELECTRONICS CORPORATION
+|'''1.''' Consignment<br>'''2. '''Supplier<br>'''3. '''Transport and<br>'''4. '''Storage<br>
-|1975-2005
+|'''1.''' Central database<br>'''2. '''A communication secured network<br>'''3. '''Internet with three interactive databases.<br>'''4. '''Database and applications (data in a range of formats (maxima, minima, averages, graphical etc)<br>'''5. '''Passive tag - RW<br>
-|66
 |-
-|3
+|colspan = "3"|&nbsp;
-|HEWLETT PACKARD DEVELOPMENT COMPANY
-|1975-2005
-|63
 |-
-|4
+|[[Image:ra2.jpg]]
-|NOKIA
+|colspan = "2"|GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN OF SEMICONDUCTORS.
-|1975-2005
-|58
 |-
-|5
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Place of events'''</font>
-|PHILIPS ELECTRONICS
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Process involved'''</font>
-|1975-2005
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Type of S/W & Hardware'''</font>
-|54
 |-
-|6
+|'''1.''' International suppliers<br>'''2. '''Airport<br>'''3. '''Customs agency<br>'''4. '''Distributors<br>'''5. '''Shipping dock<br>'''6. '''Manufacturers
-|SYMBOL TECHNOLOGIES  INC
+|'''1.''' Transport<br>'''2. '''Inventory<br>'''3. '''Shipping<br>'''4. '''Origin of port<br>'''5. '''Transshipment port<br>'''6. '''Destination port and<br>'''7. '''A consignee
-|1975-2005
+|'''1. '''Program instructions can be in any appropriate form, such as source code, object code, or scripting code.<br>'''2. '''Computing device: Enterprise servers, Application servers, point of sale terminal etc..<br>'''3.''' Passive tag - RW
-|49
 |-
-|7
+|colspan = "3"|&nbsp;
-|AVERY DENNISON CORPORATION
-|1975-2005
-|24
 |-
-|8
+|[[Image:ra3.jpg]]
-|KIMBERLY CLARK
+|colspan = "2"|SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT OF HIGH-VALUE ELECTRONIC ITEMS & PHARMACEUTICALS.
-|1975-2005
-|19
 |-
-|9
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Place of events'''</font>
-|SILVERBROOK RESEARCH PTY LTD
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Process involved'''</font>
-|1975-2005
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Type of S/W & Hardware'''</font>
-|19
 |-
-|10
+|1. Warehouse<br>2. Truck<br>3. Freight container<br>4. Sea vessel<br>5. Distribution center
-|UNITED PARCEL SERVICE OF AMERICA  INC
+|1. Shipping<br>2. Recipient
-|1975-2005
+|1. Central data processor is operable for communication with an internet router.<br>2. Low frequency tag – 300 KHz
-|16
 |-
-|11
+|colspan = "3"|&nbsp;
-|IBM
-|1975-2005
-|15
 |-
-|12
+|[[Image:ra4.jpg]]
-|SAP
+|colspan = "2"|TRACKING SYSTEM
-|1975-2005
-|14
 |-
-|13
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Place of events'''</font>
-|SAMSYS TECHNOLOGIES
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Process involved'''</font>
-|1975-2005
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Type of S/W & Hardware'''</font>
-|11
 |-
-|14
+|1. Assembly line<br>2. Warehouse
-|MEADWESTVACO CORPORATION
+|1. Package handling<br>2. Baggage handling<br>3. Parts assembly<br>4. Navigation through marked waypoints<br>5. Item retrieval and packaging<br>6. Inventory control
-|1975-2005
+|1. Business applications (cause sorting and loading instructions to appear on the items so that wearer<nowiki>’</nowiki>s of the data acquisition and display device do not have to read each item<nowiki>’</nowiki>s label.)<br>2. Passive tag
-|8
 |-
-|15
+|colspan = "3"|&nbsp;
-|DE LA RUE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
-|1975-2005
-|8
 |-
-|16
+|[[Image:ra5.jpg]]
-|SAVI
+|colspan = "2"|SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT.
-|1975-2005
-|6
 |-
-|17
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Place of events'''</font>
-|MICROSOFT
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Process involved'''</font>
-|1975-2005
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Type of S/W & Hardware'''</font>
-|5
 |-
-|18
+|1. Storage facility<br>2. Shipping container<br>3. Shipping vessel<br>4. Airport<br>5. Shipyard<br>6. Military heavy assets<br>7. Warehouse<br>8. Factory
-|WESTVACO CORPORATION
+|1. Shipping goods<br>2. Transportation (truck)<br>3. Retail or wholesale locations<br>4. Train depot<br>5. Inventory<br>6. Delivery<br>7. Outbound transit<br>8. Inbound transit<br>9. Advanced shipping notification
-|1975-2005
+|1. Firmware and software to modulate and demodulate the data for the particular protocol<br>2. Various communication algorithms and command response algorithms<br>3. UPS Supply Chain Solutions<br>4. Passive tag – RW – Low freq. or 900 MGz
-|5
 |-
-|19
+|colspan = "3"|&nbsp;
-|SENSITECH
-|1975-2005
-|3
 |-
-|20
+|[[Image:ra6.jpg]]
-|UNITED SECURITY APPLIC ID INC
+|colspan = "2"|INVENTORY ALONG A DISTRIBUTION CHAIN
-|1975-2005
-|3
 |-
-|21
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Place of events'''</font>
-|GAP  INC
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Process involved'''</font>
-|1975-2005
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Type of S/W & Hardware'''</font>
-|2
 |-
-|22
+|1. Distribution<br>2. Storing<br>3. Manufacturer (warehouse)
-|SEMBCORP
+|1. Inventory<br>2. Monitoring<br>3. Transportation<br>4. Tracking<br>5. Retailer or consumer<br>6. Wholesaler
-|1975-2005
+|1. Anti-collision software<br>2. Program for correlating the environmental condition data with the location data.<br>3. The data reporting medium is a computer display, a LAN, or a web page.<br>4. Active or passive tag- RW
-|1
 |-
-|23
+|colspan = "3"|&nbsp;
-|SHAW IP PTY LTD
-|1975-2005
-|1
 |-
-|24
+|[[Image:ra7.jpg]]
-|EXAGO PTY LTD
+|colspan = "2"|ASSET AND MATERIALS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.
-|1975-2005
-|1
 |-
-|}
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Place of events'''</font>
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Process involved'''</font>
-<font size = "4">Patent analytics</font>
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Type of S/W & Hardware'''</font>
-'''IP landscape over years'''
-IP landscape over years: Growth in RFID base supply chain applications
-(Actual scenario based on 423 patent records)
-According to the search data IP activity in RFID base supply chain applications seems to have started during the year 1991. The graph shows terrific growth from 2000 onwards and high activity during 2004 with 140 patents records alone. Around 423 patents have been published in the span of 4.2 years from 2000 till date (Feb. 2005) indicating the potential in the field.
-[[Image:IP_over_year.png|thumb|center|576px| IP landscape over years: Growth in RFID base supply chain applications]]
-'''IP landscape by region'''
-IP landscape by region: RFID base supply chain
-(Based on selected 30 records)
-[[Image:IP_by_region.png|thumb|center|576px| IP landscape by region: RFID base supply chain]]
-The present graph and interpretation is based on selected 30 records. The graph reveals that the growth in RFID based supply chain applications patenting has been across all the regions. United States is more active than Europe, Japan and Australia.
-'''Competitor landscape'''
-Competitor landscape - Growth in RFID base supply chain
-(Based on selected 30 records)
-[[Image:IP_by_competitor.png|thumb|center|576px| Competitor landscape - Growth in RFID base supply chain]]
-The present graph and interpretation is based on selected 30 records. The graph indicate SAP as leading and consistent player with 3 patent records. EXAGO seems to be the new entrant in 2005. It is interesting to note that the competitors in 2004 have not shown any activity in the beginning of 2005.
-'''Technology trend'''
-Technology Trend (Main IPC)
-(Based on selected 30 records)
-[[Image:IP_by_technology.png|thumb|center|576px| Technology Trend (Main IPC)]]
-{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
-|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFFF">'''IPC Code'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFFF">'''Description'''</font>
 |-
-|'''G01N'''
+|1. Lay down yard<br>2. Warehouse<br>3. Asset storage
-| Measuring, Testing – Investigating or analyzing materials by determining their chemical or physical properties.
+|1. Inventory<br>2. Shipping<br>3. Asset management<br>4. Tracking asset material<br>    a. Material identification information<br>    b. Description of the material<br>    c. Purchasing details<br>    d. Storage and maintenance details<br>    e. Material location and<br>    f. Destination information.<br>5. Receiving
+|1. Software applications (Web application" TagDetect") files may be in HTML format, XML or other formats.<br>2. Software applications supporting a client-server system or n-tiered computer system.<br>3. Internet and Central data repository<br>4. Active or passive tag - RW
 |-
-|'''G06F'''
+|colspan = "3"|&nbsp;
-| Computing, calculating, counting - Electric Digital Data Processing
 |-
-|'''G07B'''
+|[[Image:ra8.jpg]]
-| Checking device - Ticket-issuing; Fare-Registering Apparatus; Franking apparatus
+|colspan = "2"|POINT-OF-SALE AND POINT-OF-DELIVERY AND/OR DISTRIBUTION.
 |-
-|'''G06G'''
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Place of events'''</font>
-| Computing, calculating, counting – Analogue computers
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Process involved'''</font>
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Type of S/W & Hardware'''</font>
 |-
-|'''G06K'''
+|1. Distribution<br>2. Micro-warehouse<br>3. Manufacturing<br>4. Marketing<br>5. Customer relation management
-| Recognition of data; Presentation of data; Record carriers; Handling record carriers
+|1. Point of sale<br>2. Delivery<br>3. Inventory<br>4. Billing
+|1. MW (Micro-warehouse) enterprise application<br>2. XML middleware such as Biz Talk.RTM. software.<br>3. ERP system, web ordering system<br>4. Passive tag – RW -  freq. - 2.45 GHz
 |-
-|'''G08B'''
+|colspan = "3"|&nbsp;
-| Signaling - Signaling Or Calling Systems; Order Telegraphs; Alarm Systems
 |-
-|'''H04Q'''
+|[[Image:ra9.jpg]]
-| Electric Communication Technique – Selecting (Switches, relays etc.)
+|colspan = "2"|REUSABLE TRANSPORTATION MEANS.
 |-
-|}
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Place of events'''</font>
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Process involved'''</font>
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Type of S/W & Hardware'''</font>
-'''Technology landscape (Main IPC) -  Growth in RFID base supply chain'''
-(Based on selected 30 records)
-[[Image:IP_by_technology1.png|thumb|center|576px| Technology landscape (Main IPC) -  Growth in RFID base supply chain]]
-The present graph and interpretation is based on  selected 30 records. It is evident from graph that '''G06F('''Electric Digital Data Processing) Technology is widely used in RFID based supply chain applications showing continues  progress through out. The progress indicates key technology area targeted by many players and having market potential. Followed by '''G08B''' (Signaling), '''H04Q''' (Electric Communication Technique ) and '''G06K''' (Recognition of data; Presentation of data; Record carriers; Handling record carriers).
-'''Technology Trend (Sub-class)'''
-(Based on select 30 records)
-[[Image:IP_by_technology2.png|thumb|center|576px| Technology Trend (Sub-class)]]
-{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
-|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFFF">'''IPC Code'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFFF">'''Description'''</font>
 |-
-|'''G01N033569'''
+|1. Distribution
-| Measuring, testing or investigating or analyzing material by determining their chemical or physical properties for microorganisms.
+|1. Tracking:<br>    a. Receptacle or<br>    b. Container or<br>    c. Packing or<br>    d. Pallet or<br>    e. Trolley car.<br>2. Wholesale distributor<br>3. Chain sales store
+|1. No Software application<br>2. Passive tag - RW
 |-
-|'''G06F00700'''
+|colspan = "3"|&nbsp;
-| Methods or arrangements for processing data by operating upon the order or content of the data handled.
 |-
-|'''G06F01760'''
+|[[Image:ra10.jpg]]
-| Administrative, commercial, managerial, supervisory or forecasting purposes -electronic cash registers other than digital data processing aspects
+|colspan = "2"|MATERIALS HANDLING
 |-
-|'''G06F01900'''
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Place of events'''</font>
-| Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Process involved'''</font>
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Type of S/W & Hardware'''</font>
 |-
-|'''G06G00114'''
+|1. Express mail<br>2. Storage
-| Hand manipulating computing device for arrangements G07B01502
+|1. Transport<br>2. Tracking<br>3. Delivery
+|Software modules may include:<br>1. A database module configured to store data on the storage medium.<br>2. A decision module configured to determine the presence or absence of stale mail based on information provided by the database module.3.<br>3. Passive or active tag – read only
 |-
-|'''G06K00500'''
+|colspan = "3"|&nbsp;
-| apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fee at control point with provision of taking account of variable factors such as distance or time e.g. for passenger transport
 |-
-|'''G06K00710'''
+|[[Image:ra11.jpg]]
-| Recognition of Data; Presentation of Data; Record Carriers; Handling Record Carriers by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing by corpuscular radiation
+|colspan = "2"|COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISE (PERSONNEL AND ASSET RETENTION SYSTEM (PARS))
 |-
-|'''G08B00108'''
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Place of events'''</font>
-| Signaling Or Calling Systems; Order Telegraphs; Alarm Systems for signaling characterized solely by the form of transmission of signal using electronic transmission
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Process involved'''</font>
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Type of S/W & Hardware'''</font>
 |-
-|'''G08B00522'''
+|1. Industrial sites<br>2. Power plants<br>3. Refineries and<br>4. Ports of entry
-| Visible calling system, e.g. personal calling systems remote indication of seat occupied using electric or electromagnetic transmission.
+|1. Tracking<br>2. Monitoring<br>3. Inventory<br>4. Security
+|1. Company databases are:<br>   a. Material management systems<br>   b. Procurement systems and<br>   c. Time and attendance systems.<br>2. Applications programming<br>3. Information access through standard formats such as XML and HTML.<br>4. Passive tag - RW
 |-
-|'''G08B01314'''
+|colspan = "3"|&nbsp;
-| Burglar, theft, or intruder alarm by lifting or attempted removal of hand – portable articles.
 |-
-|'''G08B02300'''
+|[[Image:ra12.jpg]]
-| Alarm responsive to unspecified or abnormal conditions
+|colspan = "2"|TRACKING CARGO THROUGH CUSTOMS.
 |-
-|'''H04Q00100'''
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Place of events'''</font>
-| Electrical comm. Technique, details of selecting apparatus or arrangement.
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Process involved'''</font>
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Type of S/W & Hardware'''</font>
 |-
-|'''H04Q00522'''
+|1. Airlines<br>2. Distributor
-| Selecting arrangements where one or more subscriber stations are connected by the same line into the exchanges. The subordinate center not permitting interconnection of subscriber connected thereto.
+|1. Shipping<br>2. Receiving<br>3. Tracking
+|1. Central server runs a program which acts as a central host for processing the information communicated between the different computers.<br>2. Passive tag - RW
+|-
+|colspan = "3"|&nbsp;
+|-
+|[[Image:ra13.jpg]]
+|colspan = "2"|SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT IN BEEF INDUSTRY.
+|-
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Place of events'''</font>
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Process involved'''</font>
+|bgcolor = "#808080"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Type of S/W & Hardware'''</font>
+|-
+|1. Factory
+|1. Identifying<br>2. Tracking<br>3. Monitoring<br>4. Livestock production and processing cycle<br>5. Inventory
+|1. BeefLink.TM. Software (is a collection of components written primarily in VISUAL BASIC® 6.0 programming language and ACTIVE X® programming methodologies.)<br>2. Inventory-type report can easily be generated.<br>3. MicroSoft Excel<br>4.Passive tag- read only
 |-
 |}
+==Sample Landscape View - RFID Warehouse Application ==
-'''Technology landscape – Assignee wise'''
+<gflash>800 600 http://www.dolcera.com/website/assets/Warehouse-final.swf</gflash>
-(Based on select 30 records)
+==Sample Landscape View - RFID Application - Company XYZ==
+<gflash>800 600 http://www.dolcera.com/website/assets/XYZ_RFID_Application-final.swf</gflash>
-[[Image:IP_by_technology2.png|thumb|center|576px| Technology landscape – Assignee wise]]
+----
-According to the present data, most of the leading players have focused on building sound: Administration, commerce, management, supervision and forecasting (electronic cash registers other than digital data processing) aspects for RFID-base supply chain applications.
+===SWOT analysis===
-<font size = "4">Qualitative Analysis </font>
+{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="80%"
+|<b><u>STRENGTHS</u></b><br><br>
+* Advanced technology<br>
+* Easy to use<br>
+* High memory capacity<br>
+* Small size
+|<b><u>WEAKNESSES</u></b><br><br>
+* Lack of industry and application standards<br>
+* High cost per unit and high RFID system costs<br>
+* Weak market understanding of the benefits of RFID technology
+|-
+|<b><u>OPPORTUNITIES</u></b><br><br>
+* Could replace the bar code<br>
+* End-user demand for RFID systems is increasing<br>
+* Huge market potential in many businesses<br>
+* Need for standardization
+|valign="top"|<b><u> THREATS</u></b><br><br>
+* Ethical threats concerning private life<br>
+* Highly fragmented competitive environment
+|-
+|}
-'''Classification of patents based on main claims'''
+==Conclusion==
-The following graph indicates various subjects that have been covered by various assignee in the area of RFID based supply chain applications. The various subjects are the result of SAO analysis. More granularity on subjects is presented in next slide in the form of clusters.
+It has been observed that selection of RFID tag depends upon the frequency desirable in supply chain application. Industrial focus is on passive RFID technology. The integration of software technology with electronic identification system will definitely give new dimensions to the supply chain management
-[[Image:Main_claims.jpg|thumb|center|576px| Classification of patents based on main claims]]
+==<span style="color:#C41E3A">Like this report?</span>==
+<p align="center"> '''This is only a sample report with brief analysis''' <br>
+'''Dolcera can provide a comprehensive report customized to your needs'''</p>
+{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center" "
+|style="background:lightgrey" align = "center"  colspan = "3"|'''[mailto:info@dolcera.com <span style="color:#0047AB">Buy the customized report from Dolcera</span>]'''
+|-
+| align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/ip-patent-analytics-services Patent Analytics Services]
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/business-research-services Market Research Services]
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/tools/patent-dashboard Purchase Patent Dashboard]
+|-
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/ip-patent-analytics-services/patent-search/patent-landscapes Patent Landscape Services]
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/research-processes Dolcera Processes]
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/industries Industry Focus]
+|-
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/ip-patent-analytics-services/patent-search/patent-landscapes Patent Search Services]
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/ip-patent-analytics-services/alerts-and-updates Patent Alerting Services]
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/tools Dolcera Tools]
+|-
+|}
+<br>
+==Contact Dolcera==
-'''SAO analysis clustering'''
+{| style="border:1px solid #AAA; background:#E9E9E9" align="center"
-'''Problem Vs Solutions'''
-'''Main applications of RFID'''
-Applications which appeared in analyzed patent records have been listed.
-.   Logistics chain management system in Food and pharma industry
-.   Global supply chain of semiconductors
-.   Supply chain management of High-value electronic items & pharmaceuticals
-.   Tracking system
-.   Supply chain management
-.   Inventory along a distribution chain
-.   Asset and materials management system
-.   Point-of-sale and point-of-delivery and/or distribution
-.   Reusable transportation means
-.   Materials handling
-.   Commercial enterprise (personnel and asset retention system (PARS))
-.   Tracking cargo through customs
-.   Supply chain management in Beef industry
-The product moves through the global supply chain which involves various stages (places and processes). Next slide indicate the details about the various stages involved in supply chain applications, software applications and hardware used.
-'''Main applications of RFID along with various stages, S/W applications and H/W<nowiki>’</nowiki>s involved'''
-'''Features cited in analyzed 15 patent records'''
-. The container can be reprogrammed to include updated logic, updated states, and/or updated expected event information. (US20040246130)
-. The system comprises a truck server and an optional in-truck data communications means, which comprise a digital cell phone or satellite link. (US20040201454)
-. A local computer communicates with the see-through display, information gathering devices, and orientation sensors, optical tracking system, and business applications over one or more networks. (US20040182925)
-. OmniTRACS.RTM., which is a two-way satellite communication system that allows trucks to be monitored and tracked and to allow data communication with dispatchers. (US20040174260)
-. The data report from the reporting software can alert the user as to when the detrimental event occurred and identify the custodian who caused the detrimental event. (US20040049428)
-. Web-based information system for a beef marketing alliance; value-based procurement, and supply chain management. (US20020158765)
-. The software contains a component for determining the best time for an animal to go to slaughter based on a target weight. (US20020158765)
-'''SWOT analysis'''
-{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="80%"
-|Strengths<br><br>* Advanced technology<br>* Easy to use<br>* High memory capacity<br>* Small size
-|Weaknesses<br><br>* Lack of industry and application standards<br>* High cost per unit and high RFID system costs<br>* Weak market understanding of the benefits of RFID technology
 |-
-|Opportunities<br><br>* Could replace the bar code<br>* End-user demand for RFID systems is increasing<br>* Huge market potential in many businesses<br>* Need for standardization
+! style="background:lightgrey" | Samir Raiyani
-|Threats<br><br>* Ethical threats concerning private life<br>* Highly fragmented competitive environment
 |-
+| '''Email''': [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com]
+|-
+| '''Phone''': +1-650-269-7952
 |}
-====Conclusion====
-It has been observed that selection of RFID tag depend up on the frequency desirable in supply chain application. Industrial attentions is on passive RFID technology. The integration of software technology with electronic  identification system will definitely give new dimensions to the supply chain management.